EQ (Equalization)

EQ is the most fundamental mixing tool. It allows you to adjust the balance of frequencies in a sound. Common EQ types include parametric (adjustable frequency, gain, and bandwidth), graphic (fixed frequency bands), and shelving (boost/cut everything above or below a frequency). In synthesis, EQ shapes the tonal character of presets. In mixing, EQ creates space for each element: cutting lows on non-bass instruments, boosting presence frequencies (2-5kHz) on vocals, rolling off muddy low-mids (200-500Hz). The key principle is 'cut before boost' — removing unwanted frequencies is more natural than adding them.